Comparison of the NiAl2O4 derived catalyst deactivation in the steam reforming and sorption enhanced steam reforming of raw bio-oil in packed and fluidized-bed reactors

The choice of appropriate reactors and reforming strategies is key to make progresses on scaling up H2 production processes from raw bio-oil. This work compares the performance (conversion, product yields deactivation) packed-bed fluidized-bed (PBR FBR, respectively) using a NiAl2O4 spinel derived catalyst for bio-oil via steam (SR) sorption enhanced SR (SESR, with dolomite capture CO2). experiments were carried out at 600 °C; steam/carbon ratio, 3.4; space time, 0.15 h; time stream, 5 dolomite/catalyst 10 (SESR runs); prior thermal separation pyrolytic lignin initial are 80 % 69 in runs PBR respectively, 99 92 CO2 period (of 30 min duration) SESR respectively. lower yield FBR due less efficient gas–solid contact (bubbling or slugging phenomena). Based analysis spent catalysts varied techniques deactivation related coke deposition, whose quantity nature (amorphous structured) depends reactor type strategy. slower rejuvenation surface by moving particles that favor external gasification. presence prolongs stable activity both different effects nature. results interest advance process would require integrated regeneration unit sorbent.